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Mechanisms in Fungal Infections
Mechanisms in Fungal Infections
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Fungi have emerged as a major cause of infection,
particularly among immune-compromised patients.
There are over 100,000 fungal species in existence,
but only a small minority cause human infection.
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Mechanisms in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Mechanisms in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
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Chronic myelogenous
leukemia is a myeloproliferative disease
characterized by the
presence of a specific
cytogenetic abnormality,
the Philadelphia chromosome, which is the result
of a reciprocal translocation, t(9;22)(q34;q11),
between the long arms of
chromosomes 9 and 22
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Mechanisms in Myeloma
Mechanisms in Myeloma
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Multiple myeloma is a
malignant plasma-cell
proliferative disorder with
an expected 19,920 new
cases and 10,690 deaths
in the United States in 2008.
Myeloma accounts for
about 1% of all
malignancies and is the
second most common
hematologic malignancy.
The male-to-female ratio is
1.3 to 1, and the median
age at diagnosis is 70
years of age.
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Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
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Non-Hispanic black, Native Americans, Asians and pacific islanders in the U.S. are at increased risk, compared to non-Hispanic white adults, especially among those aged 35–64 years, of death from stroke. Increased mortality may result from a greater prevalence of risk factors for stroke (eg. obesity, uncontrolled hypertension, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, diabetes, and smoking) and other factors (eg. lower socioeconomic status, pre-disposition to more severe disease, and poor survival at younger ages).
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Mechanisms in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Mechanisms in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
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In 2010, at least 15,000 new cases of MDS will be diagnosed in the United States, with an overall incidence rate of >4.3 cases per 100,000. However, MDS is not well captured by tumor registries, which until 2001 were not required to report MDS as a cancer to the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. A recent study of 2003 Medicare data estimated that the number of MDS cases diagnosed per year is actually more than 45,000.
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